{"id":11823,"date":"2025-06-23T08:02:12","date_gmt":"2025-06-23T06:02:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/covasna45.ro\/?p=11823"},"modified":"2025-06-23T08:03:25","modified_gmt":"2025-06-23T06:03:25","slug":"parlamentul-ue-declara-razboi-platformelor-chinezesti-shein-si-temu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/covasna45.ro\/index.php\/lumea-noastra\/parlamentul-ue-declara-razboi-platformelor-chinezesti-shein-si-temu\/","title":{"rendered":"Parlamentul UE declar\u0103 \u201er\u0103zboi\u201d platformelor chineze\u0219ti Shein \u0219i Temu"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Comisia pentru pia\u021b\u0103 intern\u0103 \u0219i protec\u021bia consumatorilor din Parlamentul european preg\u0103te\u0219te schimb\u0103ri legislative \u00een privin\u021ba platformelor chineze\u0219ti Shein \u0219i Temu. Concret, acestea vor fi aspru controlate, iar PE va preg\u0103ti \u0219i un flux de informare \u0219i avertizare a consumatorilor privind produsele nesigure, neconforme \u0219i contraf\u0103cute din online.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anun\u021bul a fost f\u0103cut chiar azi de europarlamentarul Gheoghe Piperea<\/a>, care explic\u0103 de ce s-a ajuns la aceast\u0103 decizie \u0219i ce urmeaz\u0103:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201e\u00cen contextul discu\u021biilor tensionate despre deficitul bugetar \u0219i despre evaziunea fiscal\u0103, este potrivit s\u0103 aduc \u00een discu\u021bie o problem\u0103 de mare amplitudine care se discut\u0103 acum \u00een Parlamentul European \u0219i, \u00een special, \u00een comisia pentru pia\u021b\u0103 intern\u0103 \u0219i protec\u021bia consumatorilor, IMCO, din care fac parte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Este vorba de produsele neconforme care p\u0103trund, prin intermediul platformelor online, dinspre \u021b\u0103rile non-membre UE, \u00een special, din China, pe pia\u021ba european\u0103.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pe baza unei facilit\u0103\u021bi fiscale prost g\u00e2ndite de birocra\u021bia european\u0103 \u2013 m\u0103 refer la scutirea de tva \u0219i de taxe vamale \u0219i, implicit, de controale am\u0103nun\u021bite la frontiera UE, a coletelor \u00een valoare de sub 150 de euro care sunt livrate pe baz\u0103 de comenzi pe platformele online – se ajunge \u0219i la o form\u0103 insidioas\u0103 de evaziune fiscal\u0103 pe tva, c\u0103ci cantit\u0103\u021bile mari de produse care vin din \u021b\u0103ri non-UE sunt partajate artificial \u00een colete mici, pentru a nu se pl\u0103ti tva \u0219i taxe vamale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De vreme ce sunt colete mici, aproape imposibil de verificat \u00een detaliu, mari cantit\u0103\u021bi din produsele livrate au defecte, sunt ne-conforme ecologic \u0219i sunt contraf\u0103cute<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Date fiind procedura prolix\u0103 \u0219i costurile legale, precum \u0219i imposibilitatea de a identifica produc\u0103torul sau importatorul, consumatorii nu formuleaz\u0103 dec\u00e2t foarte rar peti\u021bii, pl\u00e2ngeri sau ac\u021biuni judiciare pentru aceste non-conformit\u0103\u021bi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Corelativ, de vreme ce consumatorii nu uzeaz\u0103 de dreptul de retur \u0219i nici de pl\u00e2ngeri \u0219i peti\u021bii, produsele neconforme achizi\u021bionate sunt aruncate la gunoi (care, desigur, se colecteaz\u0103 neselectiv), de unde o problem\u0103 suplimentar\u0103 de contaminare a mediului \u0219i a localit\u0103\u021bilor europene. Nici platformele, nici importatorii acestor produse ne-conforme nu se preocup\u0103 de colectarea de\u0219eurilor rezultate din produsele lor neconforme, ceea ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 tot nou\u0103, cet\u0103\u021benilor, ne revine povara de a suporta costul colect\u0103rii, depozit\u0103rii \u0219i, eventual, al distrugerii ecologice a de\u0219eurilor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Corelativ, aceast\u0103 practic\u0103 determin\u0103 o concuren\u021b\u0103 neloial\u0103 contra \u00eentreprinderilor europene, supuse tuturor regulilor \u0219i restric\u021biilor europene, inclusiv cele stupide sau gre\u0219ite, constr\u00e2ngere care determin\u0103 costuri mult mai mari dec\u00e2t cele antrenate de produc\u0103torii non-UE. Stilul fast \u2013 fashion adoptat de platformele online determin\u0103, desigur, un dumping economic \u0219i financiar, dar \u0219i un dumping social \u0219i de mediu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De altfel, chestiunea \u201eieftin\u0103t\u0103\u021bii\u201d produselor \u0219i a comodit\u0103\u021bii comenzii \u0219i livr\u0103rii sunt chiar principalele bariere ale unei asan\u0103ri a pie\u021bei. Modelul ultra-fashion utilizat de platformele online non-UE prioritizeaz\u0103 viteza \u0219i pre\u021bul redus, \u00een detrimentul calit\u0103\u021bii \u0219i al sustenabilit\u0103\u021bii. Consumatorii consider\u0103 c\u0103 produsele achizi\u021bionate de pe platformele Shein \u0219i Temu sunt \u0219i ieftine \u0219i bune, \u00een compara\u021bie cu produsele europene, din magazin. Mai mult, consumatorii consider\u0103 c\u0103 sistemul e comod \u2013 doar alegi produsul, \u00eel pui \u00een \u201eco\u0219\u201d \u0219i, la 24 de ore dup\u0103 ce ai dat click pe pay now, produsul vine acas\u0103. Dar aceste produse nu sunt nici ieftine (costurile livr\u0103rii duc pre\u021bul la plus 30% fa\u021b\u0103 de cel afi\u0219at), nici bune, c\u0103ci multe sunt ne-conforme sau contraf\u0103cute.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mai mult, aspectul de celeritate a livr\u0103rii \u0219i de pre\u021b redus al produselor ascunde practicile de ev mediu ale utiliz\u0103rii muncii for\u021bate (sclavie) sau infantile, ceea ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 un grav abuz la adresa drepturilor omului. C\u00e2nd cump\u0103r\u0103m de pe platforme produse ieftine, \u00eencuraj\u0103m f\u0103r\u0103 s\u0103 vrem acest abuz: sclavia \u0219i munca minorilor cu v\u00e2rsta de sub 13 ani.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Poate c\u0103 este bine s\u0103 re\u021binem ni\u0219te cifre …<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen 2024, mai mult de 4,6 miliarde de colete cu valoare redus\u0103 au intrat \u00een UE. Peste 91% dintre aceste colete vin din China. Majoritatea acestor livr\u0103ri au evitat controalele de siguran\u021b\u0103 \u0219i vamale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Multe astfel de produse neconforme sunt juc\u0103rii, ceea ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 punerea copiilor no\u0219tri \u00een pericol constant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Toate aceste produse sunt scutite de taxe vamale \u0219i de tva. Dac\u0103 v\u00e2nz\u0103rile online la pachete mici sunt, \u00een Rom\u00e2nia, de 5 miliarde de euro anual, un miliard de euro se pierde din aceast\u0103 scutire de tva.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tot \u00een 2024, consumatorii europeni au pierdut 19,3 miliarde de euro din cauza produselor ilegale sau nesigure: fie au reclamat \u0219i nu li s-a r\u0103spuns niciodat\u0103 la reclama\u021bii, fie au abandonat din start \u0219i au aruncat produsul, iar acum aceste produse contribuie la poluarea cu de\u0219euri a lumii noastre foarte atente cu carbonizarea \u0219i cu drepturile c\u0103\u021beilor \u0219i ale pisicilor. Estimez c\u0103, \u00een Rom\u00e2nia, cel pu\u021bin 250 de milioane de euro au fost aruncate astfel pe fereastr\u0103 anul trecut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un ante-proiect de reglementare european\u0103 este, zilele acestea, \u00een dezbaterea final\u0103 \u00eenainte de aprobare. Sunt unul dintre raportorii din umbr\u0103 privitor la proiect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pentru c\u0103 este important \u0219i pentru pia\u021ba noastr\u0103 \u0219i, mai ales, pentru c\u0103 este vorba de o zon\u0103 a pie\u021bei unde se dose\u0219te tva, merit\u0103 s\u0103 v\u0103 atrag aten\u021bia, punctual, asupra c\u00e2torva elemente ale acestei viitoare reglement\u0103ri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Platforma online, indiferent dac\u0103 este un importator propriu-zis sau un simplu intermediar, va fi considerat importator (deemed importer), deci va avea r\u0103spunderea de a primi retururile de marf\u0103, pl\u00e2ngerile, precum \u0219i cererile de desp\u0103gubiri pentru produse neconforme, cu defecte ori contra-f\u0103cute; consumatorul nu va mai avea sarcina de a c\u0103uta el produc\u0103torii \u0219i importatorii, de multe ori anonimi sau ascun\u0219i sub diverse identit\u0103\u021bi false;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Produsele identice sau similare celor anterior declarate nesigure vor fi prezumate a fi neconforme \u0219i vor fi oprite la vam\u0103; r\u0103spunderea pentru imposibilitatea livr\u0103rii produselor achizi\u021bionate online de consumatori va apar\u021bine platformelor, vinovate c\u0103 nu au depus diligen\u021be pentru a-\u0219i cunoa\u0219te clientul comercial (regula exist\u0103 deja \u00een Digital Services Act);<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Se va elimina pragul de minimis de 150 de euro; toate coletele vor fi purt\u0103toare de tva \u0219i taxe vamale, indiferent de valoare;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. Expedierea recomandat\u0103 a produselor este cea \u00een vrac, \u00een cantit\u0103\u021bi mari, iar depozitarea se va face pe teritoriul UE, pentru a simplifica vama;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. Se stabilesc taxe administrative (handling fee), pe care urmeaz\u0103 a le achita platformele, iar nu consumatorii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen plus, proiectul atrage aten\u021bia c\u0103 platformele utilizeaz\u0103 un tip special de dez-informare, numit dark patterns \u0219i, mai ales, utilizeaz\u0103 inteligen\u021ba artificial\u0103 \u0219i influencerii pentru recenzii \u00een\u0219el\u0103toare ale produselor \u201eieftine \u0219i bune\u201d pe care le promoveaz\u0103. De aceea, este important de sus\u021binut un constant flux de informare \u0219i avertizare a consumatorilor privind produsele nesigure, neconforme \u0219i contraf\u0103cute din online\u201d.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Comisia pentru pia\u021b\u0103 intern\u0103 \u0219i protec\u021bia consumatorilor din Parlamentul european preg\u0103te\u0219te schimb\u0103ri legislative \u00een privin\u021ba platformelor chineze\u0219ti Shein \u0219i Temu. Concret, acestea vor fi aspru controlate, iar PE va preg\u0103ti \u0219i un flux de informare \u0219i avertizare a consumatorilor privind produsele nesigure, neconforme \u0219i contraf\u0103cute din online. Anun\u021bul a fost f\u0103cut chiar azi de europarlamentarul […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11824,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[3706,1069,3705,3694,3702,3703,47],"class_list":["post-11823","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-lumea-noastra","tag-comert-2","tag-consumatori","tag-parlament-ue","tag-protectie-2","tag-shein","tag-temu","tag-ue"],"yoast_head":"\nParlamentul UE declar\u0103 \u201er\u0103zboi\u201d platformelor chineze\u0219ti Shein \u0219i Temu - Covasna45<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Este vorba de produsele neconforme care p\u0103trund, prin intermediul platformelor online, dinspre \u021b\u0103rile non-membre UE.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/covasna45.ro\/index.php\/lumea-noastra\/parlamentul-ue-declara-razboi-platformelor-chinezesti-shein-si-temu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Parlamentul UE declar\u0103 \u201er\u0103zboi\u201d platformelor chineze\u0219ti Shein \u0219i Temu - 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