{"id":18751,"date":"2026-09-24T10:24:26","date_gmt":"2026-09-24T07:24:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/covasna45.ro\/?p=18751"},"modified":"2026-09-24T10:24:27","modified_gmt":"2026-09-24T07:24:27","slug":"standard-poors-evalueaza-romania","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/covasna45.ro\/index.php\/lumea-noastra\/standard-poors-evalueaza-romania\/","title":{"rendered":"Standard & Poor\u2019s evalueaz\u0103 Rom\u00e2nia"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Ast\u0103zi, Rom\u00e2nia intr\u0103 \u00eentr-o nou\u0103 etap\u0103 a evalu\u0103rii f\u0103cute de agen\u021bia interna\u021bional\u0103 de rating Standard & Poor\u2019s (S&P). Reprezentan\u021bii agen\u021biei \u00eencep discu\u021biile cu autorit\u0103\u021bile rom\u00e2ne, iar verdictul privind ratingul de \u021bar\u0103 este a\u0219teptat pe 2 octombrie. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rom\u00e2nia are \u00een prezent la S&P ratingul BBB-\/A-3, cu perspectiv\u0103 negativ\u0103. Este ultima treapt\u0103 din categoria recomandat\u0103 investi\u021biilor. O cobor\u00e2re cu o singur\u0103 treapt\u0103 ar duce Rom\u00e2nia \u00een categoria cunoscut\u0103 pe pie\u021bele financiare drept \u201ejunk\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De ce conteaz\u0103 ratingul<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ratingul de \u021bar\u0103 poate p\u0103rea o informa\u021bie destinat\u0103 economi\u0219tilor \u0219i bancherilor. \u00cen realitate, efectele sale ajung \u00een \u00eentreaga economie. Statul rom\u00e2n se \u00eemprumut\u0103 constant pentru a-\u0219i finan\u021ba deficitul \u0219i pentru a refinan\u021ba datoriile ajunse la scaden\u021b\u0103. Cu c\u00e2t investitorii consider\u0103 Rom\u00e2nia mai riscant\u0103, cu at\u00e2t pot cere dob\u00e2nzi mai mari pentru banii pe care \u00eei \u00eemprumut\u0103 statului.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O retrogradare nu ar \u00eensemna c\u0103 Rom\u00e2nia nu s-ar mai putea \u00eemprumuta. Ar putea \u00eens\u0103 restr\u00e2nge num\u0103rul investitorilor dispu\u0219i sau autoriza\u021bi s\u0103 cumpere obliga\u021biuni rom\u00e2ne\u0219ti. Unele fonduri de investi\u021bii au reguli care le limiteaz\u0103 expunerea pe titluri aflate sub nivelul \u201einvestment grade\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iar dob\u00e2nzile sunt deja o problem\u0103 serioas\u0103. Cheltuielile statului cu dob\u00e2nzile au dep\u0103\u0219it 40 de miliarde de lei \u00een primele \u0219apte luni ale anului, \u00een cre\u0219tere cu peste 26% fa\u021b\u0103 de aceea\u0219i perioad\u0103 din 2025.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cine d\u0103 notele statelor<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Pia\u021ba mondial\u0103 a ratingurilor este dominat\u0103 de trei mari agen\u021bii: Standard & Poor\u2019s, Moody\u2019s \u0219i Fitch Ratings. Sunt cunoscute drept \u201eBig Three\u201d. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Standard & Poor\u2019s \u0219i Moody\u2019s sunt americane \u0219i fac parte din companii listate la burs\u0103. S&P Global are printre marii ac\u021bionari institu\u021bionali Vanguard \u0219i BlackRock, \u00een timp ce la Moody\u2019s cel mai important ac\u021bionar este Berkshire Hathaway, compania de investi\u021bii asociat\u0103 lui Warren Buffett. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fitch Ratings are o structur\u0103 diferit\u0103: apar\u021bine integral grupului american de media Hearst. Exist\u0103 \u0219i un al patrulea juc\u0103tor interna\u021bional important, Morningstar DBRS, \u00eenfiin\u021bat \u00een Canada \u00een 1976 \u0219i de\u021binut ast\u0103zi de compania american\u0103 Morningstar. Este o agen\u021bie important\u0103, dar din e\u0219alonul urm\u0103tor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pe scurt, ratingurile acestor agen\u021bii – pe care fiecare le ob\u021bine dup\u0103 metodologii proprii – sunt opinii privind capacitatea unui stat sau a unei companii de a-\u0219i rambursa datoriile. Impactul este \u00eens\u0103 major: calificativele sunt folosite de investitori pentru evaluarea riscului influen\u021beaz\u0103 accesul la finan\u021bare \u0219i costul \u00eemprumuturilor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cifrele la care se uit\u0103 Standard & Poor\u2019s<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen cel mai recent raport regional, S&P estimeaz\u0103 pentru Rom\u00e2nia o cre\u0219tere economic\u0103 zero \u00een 2026. Agen\u021bia indic\u0103 un deficit bugetar de 6,3% din PIB, un deficit de cont curent de 7,2% \u0219i o datorie public\u0103 de 61,6% din PIB.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Problema nu este doar dimensiunea datoriei. Conteaz\u0103 c\u00e2t de repede cre\u0219te aceasta, c\u00e2t cost\u0103 finan\u021barea ei \u0219i, mai ales, dac\u0103 Rom\u00e2nia poate demonstra c\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i reduce \u00een mod credibil deficitul bugetar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Celelalte dou\u0103 mari agen\u021bii interna\u021bionale, Fitch Ratings \u0219i Moody\u2019s, au men\u021binut \u00een acest an Rom\u00e2nia \u00een categoria recomandat\u0103 investi\u021biilor. Standard & Poor\u2019s este ultima dintre cele trei mari agen\u021bii care urmeaz\u0103 s\u0103 dea un verdict.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Exist\u0103 o leg\u0103tur\u0103 direct\u0103 cu buzunarul nostru<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

O eventual\u0103 scumpire a \u00eemprumuturilor statului nu r\u0103m\u00e2ne o problem\u0103 izolat\u0103 la Ministerul Finan\u021belor. Mai mul\u021bi bani cheltui\u021bi pentru dob\u00e2nzi \u00eenseamn\u0103 mai pu\u021bine resurse disponibile pentru investi\u021bii \u0219i servicii publice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Costul la care se finan\u021beaz\u0103 statul este, de asemenea, un reper important pentru \u00eentreaga economie. O perioad\u0103 lung\u0103 cu dob\u00e2nzi ridicate poate pune presiune asupra costurilor de finan\u021bare ale companiilor \u0219i, indirect, asupra popula\u021biei.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De aceea, discu\u021biile \u00eencepute ast\u0103zi cu Standard & Poor\u2019s nu \u021bin doar de o procedur\u0103 tehnic\u0103. Pe 2 octombrie vom afla cum evalueaz\u0103 una dintre cele mai importante agen\u021bii de rating capacitatea Rom\u00e2niei de a-\u0219i \u021bine finan\u021bele sub control.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Foto: Sediul S&P Global din New York<\/em>. B64\/Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 3.0<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ast\u0103zi, Rom\u00e2nia intr\u0103 \u00eentr-o nou\u0103 etap\u0103 a evalu\u0103rii f\u0103cute de agen\u021bia interna\u021bional\u0103 de rating Standard & Poor\u2019s (S&P). Reprezentan\u021bii agen\u021biei \u00eencep discu\u021biile cu autorit\u0103\u021bile rom\u00e2ne, iar verdictul privind ratingul de \u021bar\u0103 este a\u0219teptat pe 2 octombrie. Rom\u00e2nia are \u00een prezent la S&P ratingul BBB-\/A-3, cu perspectiv\u0103 negativ\u0103. Este ultima treapt\u0103 din categoria recomandat\u0103 investi\u021biilor. O […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":18753,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[4410,5165,5164,5163,26,5162],"class_list":["post-18751","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-lumea-noastra","tag-evaluare","tag-fitch-ratings","tag-moodys","tag-rating","tag-romania","tag-standard-poors"],"yoast_head":"\nStandard & Poor\u2019s evalueaz\u0103 Rom\u00e2nia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Standard & Poor\u2019s \u00eencepe evaluarea Rom\u00e2niei. 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